A total prize this year claimed 273 candidates, including 68 organizations and 205 people. Peace Prize, in contrast to the awards in medicine, physics, chemistry and literature awards are not the Swedish Academy in Stockholm, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee in Oslo.
On the eve of the bookmakers gave its forecast on the one who will receive the award and the winning quartet of national dialogue in Tunisia tops the leaders did not even appear. When Tunisia was on the brink of civil war, the quartet offered an alternative way of peaceful development. It consists of four organizations: the General Union of Labour, the Confederation of Industry, Trade and Crafts, the League of Human Rights and the Order of Lawyers.
The head of the Council for Foreign and Defense Policy Fyodor Lukyanov said that the logic of the decision of the Nobel Committee is absolutely clear . “They found a single topic related to the” Arab Spring “in the Middle East, which has a relatively positive development”, – he explained.
Against the background of developments in the Middle East, Tunisia looks the most “successful” revolution, “Everything has been buried in the” Arab Spring “and now the Nobel Committee as it indicates that here there is also a positive example».
Lukyanov believes that the decision of the committee will be important for Tunisia, as there still is a continuous fight in domestic politics. “It is clear that any international award will strengthen supporters of democratization and Westernization”, – says the expert.
The main favorite was considered German Chancellor Angela Merkel. British bookmaker William Hill has assessed its chances as 2 to 1.
The reason for this attitude Merkel to the refugee problem.
German Chancellor declared that Germany can not deny refugees Syria’s right to asylum, which is recorded in the Geneva Convention. Two weeks ago, the German media reported that the office of Merkel’s plan is developed, in which workers from Syria will automatically receive refugee status to the three-year residence permits without bureaucratic procedures.
However, the list of nominees for the German chancellor has got an entirely different reason. A group of deputies of the Bundestag considered her worthy reward for his role in resolving the crisis in the south-east of Ukraine. Merkel, being one of the leaders of the states – members of the “Norman Quartet”, as it is known, has made great efforts to resolve the conflict in the Donbass.
The second place on the chances for the Nobel Peace Prize bookmakers gave to two nominees. And it is not “simple” and having holy orders.
This is a Catholic priest from the African nation of Eritrea Moussa Zera, who is the founder of the organization Habeshia, assisting refugees when they come to Europe, and Dad Francis of Rome.
Chances are both nominees were estimated as 5 to 1.
Pope Francis has paid much attention to the problems of the poor, he has become a symbol of modesty and humility in the Catholic world. In 2013 he was voted man of the year by the magazine Time.
Nobel Peace Prize no pontiff has not yet received.
Chances gynecologist from Congo Denis Mukvege bookmakers estimated as 6 to 1. This doctor has cured tens of thousands of raped women in his country. In 2012 Mukvege spoke at the UN General Assembly with a speech on women’s rights. He strongly condemned the impunity of rape in Congo. In the same year he was assassinated in his own home.
Another was nominated for a Russian “Novaya Gazeta”, well-known investigative journalist loud. Her chances were estimated as 13 to 2.
By the way, the beginning of the history of “Novaya Gazeta” is connected with the Nobel Peace Prize received by Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union when he was president. On some of the money he bought in 1993 for the eight edition of computers. Gorbachev, we recall, is a shareholder of the publication.
The odds 9 to 1 have the Japanese pacifists calling retain article 9 of the Constitution, which proclaims the demilitarized country. Recently, the issue of preservation or deletion of this provision of the Basic Law of Japan was the reason for the heated debate in the community.
Who recognized with a Nobel Prize
The first ever Nobel We received the Peace Prize in 1901, two people: the founder of the International League for Peace Frenchman Frederic Passy and the Swiss Henri Dunant, the efforts of which was created by the International Committee of the Red Cross. In his book, Dunant wrote about his desire to help the wounded was the result of the shock of what he saw at the Battle of Solferino, where 9 thousand. The wounded were left to die on the battlefield.
In 1994, the award was just three people: Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat – “for the efforts to achieve peace in the Middle East».
Arafat, recall, was a highly controversial personality: Some consider him a fighter for the independence and liberation of Palestine, the other – a terrorist on his conscience the death of civilians.
In 2001, the award was awarded UN Secretary General Kofi Annan for his contribution in a more organized world and strengthening peace in the world.
In 2009, the prize for the great efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples was President Barack Obama. Many experts felt that the prize was awarded to the American leader in advance for the promise to achieve reductions in nuclear arsenals.
In addition to Obama, Nobel Peace Prize became two American presidents. In 1906, the award went to Theodore Roosevelt “for his role in the signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth,” and in 1919 – Woodrow Wilson for bringing fundamental law of humanity in modern international politics.
In the history of modern Russia the Nobel Peace Prize has not yet received one.
In the Soviet years awards were awarded two people.
In 1975, it received the Andrei Sakharov “for fearless support of fundamental principles of peace between people and the courageous struggle of the abuse of power and all forms of suppression of human dignity, “and in 1990 – Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev” in recognition of his leading role in the peace process which today characterizes important parts of the international community. “
In 2012, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the European Union for ” six decades of human rights protection in Europe and a long-term role in uniting the continent. ” And in 2013 – Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.
Last year, the prize was shared between Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai and the Indian activist Kailash Satyarthi.
Yousafzai became known for his blog, which is It led to “Bi-bi-si”, talking about the details of his life under the Taliban regime. In 2012, human rights activist was assassinated on his way home from school. The attacker shot her in the head. In 2015 Yusufzai opened a school for girls in Lebanon refugee from Syria.
Satyarthi is known for his work in defense of the rights of children in India. He founded the organization “Bachpan Bachao Andolan” helped several tens of thousands of children from different countries.
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