Nobel Prize in Medicine and received an American couple from Norway – RBC

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Stockholm announced the first winners of the most prestigious scientific award in the world – the Nobel Prize. The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Medical Institute in Stockholm has decided to award the Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2014 Americans working at the University of London, John O’Keefe, and the Norwegian physiologists – spouses May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.

The prize was awarded for the discovery and study of the brain cells responsible for the positioning system, which allows the body to navigate in space.

In 2013, the gold medal of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine was awarded a group of researchers , which included three people: James Rothman (Yale University, USA), Randy Shekman (Berkeley, USA), and Thomas Zyudof (Stanford University). Award was awarded for the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of movement of the bubbles in the field of transportation systems in human cells.

The researchers found that every cell in the human body is a kind of “factory” that produces and exports molecules. These molecules move through the body in a special “packages” – the air bubbles. Rothman discovered protein that allows the bubbles formed and reach the objectives described Zyudof which signals received cell to deliver a “load” in current time and opened Shekman gene set which is required for such traffic. Trio of scientists were able to describe “exquisitely detailed” control system for transport and delivery of cellular “cargo”. Scientists believe that the discovery paved the way for the victory of diseases such as diabetes and immune disorders.

In the list of contenders for the most prestigious peace prize in 2014 included 278 nominees, including 47 public and international organizations. Under the terms of the award, this list is confidential and may be made public only after 50 years.

Nobel Week traditionally begins with the announcement of the winner in medicine and physiology. Tuesday, October 7, the Nobel Committee will announce the winner in physics, the next day – in chemistry. The Swedish Academy, the Nobel Committee which decides on the award of the prize in literature, has not yet announced the date of announcement of the result. The winner of the Nobel Peace Prize will be known on October 10, and the winner of the set up in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden “Prize in Economics Nobel Memorial” will be called on October 13. The amount of each of the Nobel Prize in 2014 is 8 million Swedish kronor ($ 1 million).